(515j) Compact Hydrogen Fueling Hazars Free at Mild Temperature and Pressure

Compact hydrogen direct storage hazard free, in operative quantity at mild conditions for personal cars, had been practically unsolvable problem, so hydrogen economics and hydrogen energy there are not in practice for personal cars till now, except of scientific dreams.

Really, direct storage in a car for 650 km mileage, even if with very energy effective H2-air FC and an electric mover per a wheel, needs about 6.0 kg hydrogen, and even if under enormous big pressure (let be 700 atm.), it would be enormous big tank of 150 liter (42 kg/m3), and it is very hazard deal, and for refueling especially. A little more adequate science research is a porous containers of gaseous hydrogen, being compact (70.0 kg/m3, 85 liter + adsorbent), but it needs cryogenic 87 K, a little bit higher, than liquefied nitrogen (75 K), being very unsuitable for personal cars.

Hazard free in my interpretation is one of much more practical solutions, was offered by me. It is compact storage - 120 kg/m3, 34 kg = 6 * 17 /3 kg = 3 * 16 liter = 48 liter totally for 650 km mileage, and at normal temperature and 20 atm. Moreover, it allows our hydrogen to store and use at wide range of T and P conditions can be simply adjusted for different kinds of fuel calls and their variable operational needs.

My above mentioned technology is a very interdisciplinary, considering wide environment of problems of hydrogen economics and hydrogen energy. Non hazard hydrogen storage and its usage were a small part of them, but a key part.

Detailed disclosure.

Here I consider a cars’ design allows 1000 km mileage by H2-air fuel cell fed from small bottle with gaseous hydrogen at normal conditions outside the bottle, and at T and P inside the bottle, designed for FC used, in quantity of some seconds of the car’s running, when in its turn, the bottle intake is coming from another tiny bottle (TB), served for its ammonia electro-thermal decomposition and placed being protected on outer wall of the car and fed through a check valve opened electrically in pulse regime with time controlled delay, by liquid ammonia stored on-board of the car at not extreme conditions, e.g. it is liquid at about 10.0 atm., if room temperature.

And all those can be ordinary approach to safety problem, because it well known, that hydrogen and ammonia in tiny quantity, even if occasionally ignited in large air environment are practically hazard free, and any small leakage of ammonia stored in operative quantity in a car, it can be immediately detected by its strong pungent, but not lethal odor, and by sensor and alarm, and they allow immediately to retire to a safe distance.

My own particular innovation is including above mentioned, as its key part, but additionally I suppose the following chain of ammonia technologies and devices for them.

They are:

(1) Green ammonia production from air and water very cheaply by extremely cheap energy of a special wind power plant deployed near a refueling station. It is a long story of inventions, but was earlier disclosed and evaluated by me.

(2) A safe refueling station, and method and devices for safe refueling, near but outside of settlements.

(3) Related details of car’s design (see below),

They totally can be breakthrough innovation opening the door for practical realization of hydrogen economics and hydrogen energy for towns and cars aren’t concentrated in small area, and not for large city. .

Behind the saloon’s wall, there is a locked section, and there are three tilted rectangular cylinders (e.g. 80 cm long) one above another with 16 kg liquid ammonia each. It can be enough for 1000 km mileage for ordinary car with H2-air FC of 65% energy efficiency, and an electric mover per each wheel. The cylinders’ ends can be colored differently. The front end serves for refueling through a check valve. The back end provides the TB by liquid ammonia, as was described above..

Note: I can suppose any personal cars to have nothing perspective for not so far future, especially cars fueled in any configuration by hydrogen, in favor to city-cars as electric grid element and to flying vehicles for suburb and country. So hazard free hydrogen fueling can be theoretical consideration only.