(693c) Conflict Resolution of Economic and Environmental Metrics in Dairy Waste Management
AIChE Annual Meeting
2020
2020 Virtual AIChE Annual Meeting
Sustainable Engineering Forum
Sustainable Management and Uses of Post-Consumer Materials and Waste
Tuesday, November 17, 2020 - 8:30am to 8:45am
Environmental impacts have drawn the attention of governments and researchers, and various studies have focused on exploring policy incentives to revert these trends [7]. Policy design is affected by inherent conflicts and synergies of diverse environmental impacts and metrics. In this context, decision-making methodologies are needed to uncover these conflicts and synergies. These methodologies leverage the use of life cycle analysis (LCA) to derive appropriate metrics that capture diverse impacts and can leverage the use of supply chain optimization techniques to determine suitable transportation routes for waste and derived products and processing technologies to mitigate environmental impacts [8,9].
In this presentation, we provide a computational framework that integrates LCA analysis and supply chain optimization to analyze environmental impacts arising from livestock waste in the Upper Yahara watershed in WI. Life cycle analyses are conducted for most prevalent management plans in the area, elements including waste collection, anaerobic digestion, solid-liquid separation, storage, and land application, etc. A supply chain optimization model is developed to include an economic metric (system profit) and diverse environmental metrics (GHG, ammonia, fossil energy use, and nutrient pollution). We use sampling methodology to reveal the correlation structure for the economic and environmental metrics. We find that the economic metric is conflicting with only a subset of environmental metrics and thus there is room to mitigate some impacts without sacrificing economics. A utopia-point technique is used to obtain an optimal compromise solution for the system. Finally, a series of case studies are presented to illustrate how policy incentives can be used to manipulate the utopia point and compromise solutions and with this change decision behavior of stakeholders.
References:
[1] United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, State Fact Sheet
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