(481a) Single-Atom Alloy Catalysts: Born in a Vacuum, Tested in Reactors, and Understood in silico

In this talk I will discuss a new class of metallic alloy catalysts called Single Atom Alloys in which precious, reactive metals are utilized at the ultimate limit of efficiency. These catalysts were discovered by combining atomic-scale scanning probes with more traditional approaches to study surface-catalyzed chemical reactions. This research provided links between the atomic-scale surface structure and reactivity which are key to understanding and ultimately controlling important catalytic processes. Over the last eight years the concepts derived from our surface science and theoretical calculations have been used to design Single Atom Alloy nanoparticle catalysts that can perform industrially relevant reactions at realistic reaction conditions. For example, alloying elements like platinum and palladium with cheaper, less reactive host metals like copper enables 1) dramatic cost savings in catalyst manufacture, 2) more selective chemical reactions, 3) reduced susceptibility to CO poisoning, and 4) higher resistance to deactivation by coking. I go on to describe very recent theory work by collaborators Stamatakis and Michaelides at UCL and Cambridge that predicts reactivity trends of a wide variety of different Single Atom Alloy combinations for important reaction steps like activation of H-H, C-H, N-H, O-H and C=O bonds and opportunities for breaking scaling relationships that limit the performance of traditional catalysts. This project also illustrates that the field of surface science is now at the point where it plays a critical role in the design of new heterogeneous catalysts.