Concluding Remarks

SWEETs are membrane sugar transporters that play critical roles in plant physiology, crop yields, and biotechnology. We recently reported the design of a biosensor consisting of a plant SWEET and a conformation-sensitive fluorescent protein that translates sugar binding to the transporter into a fluorescence response. We named this biosensor SweetTrac1 and showed with a mass action kinetics model that changes in fluorescence intensity correspond to particular molecular events in the transport cycle. In this talk we demonstrate how biosensors combined with cheminformatics can be used to decipher the variety of molecules that a transporter can recognize and provide suggestions on how to use biosensors for protein engineering.