(171c) A Combined Experimental and Computational Study on MHD Rotating Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid over an Expanding Surface with Chemical Reaction and Heat Dissipation

A comprehensive investigation into the magnetohydrodynamic rotating flow and heat transfer characteristics of a novel hybrid nanofluid (HNF), comprised of magnesium oxide (MgO) and Zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) dispersed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) with water (H₂O), is performed. Both experimental analysis and computational simulations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) are employed to explore the flow behaviors and thermal properties over an expanding surface. The presence of chemical reactivity and heat dissipation effects is also considered under slip conditions. The BVP4C approach with MATLAB software is employed to accomplish the numerical resolution of non-linear flow terms. The research findings demonstrate a notable growth in thermal conductivity, amounting to 54.12%, upon the incorporation of 1% magnesium oxide nanoparticles ([MgO] NPs). Moreover, the heat transmission rates of the HNF [MgO+ZrO₂/PEG-H₂O]^h are significantly higher when compared to [ZrO₂/PEG-H₂O]^m. Utilizing spin coating, thin films of nanostructures ([ZrO₂/PEG-H₂O]^m and [MgO+ZrO₂/PEG-H₂O]^h) are fabricated, resulting in films with a consistent thickness of 200 ± 5nm at a temperature of 25°C. To investigate the nanofluid thin film, a combined experimental and theoretical strategy is employed, incorporating DFT calculations and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Specifically, the DFT computations reveal a reduction in the difference in energy bandgap (ΔEgOpt) values from 2.294 eV for [ZrO₂/PEG-H2O]^m to 0.677 eV for [MgO+ZrO₂/PEG-H₂O]^h. This indicates a transformation of [ZrO₂/PEG-H₂O]^m from a semiconductor to a superconductor HNF upon the introduction of MgO NPs.