(259g) Comprehensive Evaluation and Integration of Negative Emission Technologies

As the world grapples with the escalating impacts of climate change, the importance of Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs) has become increasingly evident. Amongst a diverse spectrum of strategies—from nature-based approaches like afforestation and reforestation, to technologically driven solutions such as Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)—the challenge lies in identifying and optimizing the most effective methods. To address this, we developed a user-friendly scoring model based on different relevant Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).

The model uses qualitative and quantitative data obtained from peer-reviewed publications and expert interviews. A total of 14 different NETs were evaluated across more than 20 KPIs including technology readiness level (TRL), cost, removal capacity, energy and/or feedstock requirements, co-benefits, and trade-offs, among many others.

Figure 1 shows a snapshot of the model results comparing 8 different technologies across 5 critical KPIs. The model developed herein serves as a tool for delineating the strengths and limitations of each NET, as well as the synergistic potentials inherent in their integration into a cohesive portfolio. Model findings reveal that a strategically tailored combination of NETs, adapted to specific regional and environmental contexts, can significantly amplify carbon mitigation efforts. This integrative approach not only maximizes the effectiveness of each technology but also addresses broader ecological and socio-economic objectives. Moreover, the model facilitates the identification of collective knowledge gaps and emergent opportunities within NET portfolios, providing a roadmap for future research and development. The main identified collective areas of research include scalability, cost reduction, and the development of robust monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) frameworks.

This user-friendly model serves as a decision-support tool, outlining optimal integration strategies for various NETs, aiding policymakers, stakeholders, and engineers in crafting sustainable climate solutions and pinpointing further research opportunities.