(57z) Analysis of 7.19 Major Explosion Accident in Sanmenxia, China

On July 19, 2019, an explosion caused by a leak in an air separation unit occurred in Sanmenxia, Henan, China, killing 15 people, injuring 16 people, and 256 hospitalized. This paper briefly introduced the process of the “7.19” explosion accident of Yima Gasification Plant from the occurrence of hidden dangers to the occurrence of accidents. The HFACS method was employed from unsafe behavior, preconditions of unsafe behavior, unsafe supervision, and organizational factors. Simultaneously, the human factor of the accident was speculated, and several management suggestions were provided. Because the distance between the Yima gasification plant and the nearby residential area is too close, the explosion had a great impact on nearby residents. In this paper, the PHAST software was used to simulate the explosion and to calculate the shortest safe distance according to relevant regulations. Finally, this paper summarized the operation of the air separation device and the cause of the sand explosion accident in the sand blasting operation from the aspect of perlite sand explosion prevention, and put forward some suggestions.