(119a) Consequence Modeling Case Study for Hydrogen Transportation and Storage
AIChE Spring Meeting and Global Congress on Process Safety
2023
2023 Spring Meeting and 19th Global Congress on Process Safety
Topical 12: Hydrogen Safety
Hydrogen Safety & Industrial Applications as part of the Energy Transition I
Wednesday, March 15, 2023 - 8:00am to 8:22am
Considering the growing interest in using hydrogen as fuel, it is essential to be able to transport and store hydrogen under high pressure or as a liquid in large quantities safely.
Hydrogen transportation and storage pose safety challenges due to its wide flammable range, high buoyancy, low minimum ignition energy, and wide range of explosion consequences. Flammable dispersions, jet fires, pool fires, and explosion scenarios (including BLEVE, Boling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) are some of the potentially hazardous consequences of a hydrogen release scenario.
DNV has modelled the consequences of hydrogen releases from the following sources: 1) High-pressure large diameter underground transmission line (approx.24â€), 2) High-pressure above ground transmission line (approx. 12’’), 3) High-pressure storage tank, and 4) Low-pressure bullet storing liquid hydrogen. The consequence analysis was conducted for each of the cases using DNV proprietary software Phast.
In this analysis, the release size was assumed to be 3% of the cross-sectional area of the pipe or storage cylinder, which corresponds to the NFPA 2 approach for determination of the recommended separation distances.
The magnitude of the potential hazard zones for each release event was assessed based on flammable gas dispersion (Lower Flammable Limits), jet fire radiation levels, and explosion overpressure. The setback distances were also calculated and compared with existing industry standards such as OSHA 1910.103 and NFPA 55.
Hydrogen transportation and storage pose safety challenges due to its wide flammable range, high buoyancy, low minimum ignition energy, and wide range of explosion consequences. Flammable dispersions, jet fires, pool fires, and explosion scenarios (including BLEVE, Boling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) are some of the potentially hazardous consequences of a hydrogen release scenario.
DNV has modelled the consequences of hydrogen releases from the following sources: 1) High-pressure large diameter underground transmission line (approx.24â€), 2) High-pressure above ground transmission line (approx. 12’’), 3) High-pressure storage tank, and 4) Low-pressure bullet storing liquid hydrogen. The consequence analysis was conducted for each of the cases using DNV proprietary software Phast.
In this analysis, the release size was assumed to be 3% of the cross-sectional area of the pipe or storage cylinder, which corresponds to the NFPA 2 approach for determination of the recommended separation distances.
The magnitude of the potential hazard zones for each release event was assessed based on flammable gas dispersion (Lower Flammable Limits), jet fire radiation levels, and explosion overpressure. The setback distances were also calculated and compared with existing industry standards such as OSHA 1910.103 and NFPA 55.