Organizational Control for Safety, a Challenge in Socioeconomic and Natural Environment

Concepts and applications of real cases in the area of Human Factors, Risk, Reliability and Crisis includes the analysis of Complex Systems and difficult to predict in Socio-Technical Systems. Rules and Barriers are designed or revised to achieve better organizational efficiency results. Concepts are the basis, tests are confirmation, algorithms indicate methods and techniques and validation indicates the certainty of achieving good results. In the case of Reliability, the concepts and algorithms were tested with real cases of the Oil Industry. Among the new concepts are: systemic failure; cultural force field; socioeconomic and affective utility of the task versus feedback; causal nexus of low risk perception; difference between enabling elements of hazard energy versus human factors in the operational situation; management models to avoid accidents and to avoid energy losses and respective techniques that include the discussion about culture and human factors. A discussion of cultural threats of behavior changes and application cases indicating solutions to bad habits and incorrect decisions makes it easier to understand why social risks are dynamic and do not separate from the operational routine.

Human elements are part of the design and disable or not enable the flow of hazard energy. The intention is that these elements of the safety culture and technological design act as safeguards, but design deficiencies or social and physical barriers can reduce load resistance. These elements of the managerial dimension (stress and leadership), technology (risk and complexity) and behavior (4Cs) will be limiting the passage of energy through human factors (which includes management, culture, organization and technology). The 9 levels of human factors that will compose the Bayesian network are: Culture, Social Phenomenon, Company, Management & STAFF, Group and Individual, Operational Control, Failure Control, Accident and Crisis or Disaster. The Investigation on the Operational and Technical Culture indicates the formal and informal rules of operation of the team in the Operational Routine, enabling the prediction of future behavior of the worker, the process and the equipment from the failure signs. It is possible to calculate the discomfort zone approach level for security events from this plant history. For this we use data mining, clustering, principal component analysis, definition and calculation of the objective function, heuristic rules, and factor adjustment through fuzzy mechanics. This solution guide document addresses events with different levels of stress in which the operation team coexists operational deviations, lack of control of the process, failure in equipment and tasks, safety events such as fire, and catastrophic events that lead to crisis. Theoretical models are presented, discussion of human error in emergencies, and appropriate competency proposal for the emergency brigade.

The internal and external regulation after these discussions needs to revise its principles to correct the processes of standardization and organizational communication, which would change the procedures for team building and the criteria for the technology project. Thus, the discussion on the regulation and formatting of human elements and human factors will clarify technicians and managers as to what should be done. An improvement program that includes investigation of lessons learned is included in the engagement. Finally, here are suggested technological solutions in the technological, managerial, social and organizational dimensions for better control of companies. Products and Processes, Courses, Interventions in Human Factors to review concepts and habits. Based on the experience of the metallurgical industry, we propose interventions to adjust the safety culture. Also to better guide on mathematical and statistical techniques, we present a roadmap and the reference area. A brief presentation of techniques for identifying and measuring behavior variables (enabling elements) is made.