Frances Arnold is the Linus Pauling Professor of Chemical Engineering, Bioengineering and Biochemistry at the California Institute of Technology. Arnold pioneered directed protein evolution and has used those methods for applications in alternative energy, chemicals, and medicine. Arnold received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2018, the Charles Stark Draper Prize of the National Academy of Engineering in 2011, the National Medal of Technology and Innovation in 2013, and the Millennium Technology Prize in 2016. She has been elected to all three US National Academies of Science, Medicine, and Engineering and was appointed to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in 2019. Arnold co-founded Gevo (renewable fuels), Provivi (non-toxic agricultural pest control), and Aralez Bio and serves as a Director of Alphabet and Illumina.