(144b) Coffee Grounds for the Generation of Energy

Introduction The biomass is considered one of the most important energy sources due to its renewable character and non pollutant, this can be used as energy. The energy use of the biomass does not count in the increase of the gases of effect green house, because the balance of emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere is neuter. Indeed, the CO2 generated in the combustion of the biomass is reabsorbed by means of the photosynthesis in the growth of plants, therefore, there are not emissions that increase the quantity of CO2 present in the atmosphere. (Spitzer, 1996) Wang, L. et al.(2007) affirms that the combustion, pyrolysis and gasification are the main methods of conversion of thermochemistry, by means of which the biomass is burnt to provide heat to the processes of industry.The heating power of the materials, solids, liquids or gases can be determined experimentally in a calorimetric bomb or to be calculated starting from their composition or some properties using a mathematical model. Several models have intended to predict the heating value of many types of materials of very diverse compositions. (Sheng, J.et to the., 2007). The main objective of this work is to characterize the grounds of coffee coming from the agroindustry. Experimental The evaluation of the matter was carried out applying the norms ASTM for the following tests, the bromathological analysis, humidity (D2867-99), ashy (E1755-01) and volatile matter (D2866-83), this analysis were carried out triplicated to the matter virgin. This continued with lignocellulosic analysis using the Norms TAPPI for the cellulose determination (T203 os-74), lignine (T222 om-88) and hemicelulose, being carried out triplicated to each species in virgin matter, and for calcined samples at 300, 400 and 500 ºC. The elementary analysis, analysis of fluorescence of x rays and the degradation kinetics were carried out in this samples. Results MARCELA\Grounds of coffe[1]_archivos\image003.jpg Bromathological analysis MARCELA\Grounds of coffe[1]_archivos\image005.jpg Lignocellulosic analysis MARCELA\Grounds of coffe[1]_archivos\image007.jpg Kinetics of degration Conclusions The characterization of the matter is an important factor because the obtained parameters will be a factor that affects the design of the gasification process directly, which will be adapted to exclusive conditions of the coffee grounds.The design of the gasifier will be according to the conditions of the matter making of the prototype an unique item for the use of the residual of the coffee industry, it is sought that the gasifier is integrated and adapted to the process of extraction of coffee to take advantage of the residual like source of alternating energy and this way to reduce energy costs to carry out the process. References Ondrej, M. Miki, K. and Sou, H. (2008) A study on pyrolytic gasification of coffee grounds and implications to allothermal gasification. Biomass and Bioenergy. 32, pp 78-89 Ragnar W. (2000). Gasification of biomass: comparison of fixed bed and fluidized bed gasifier. Biomass and Bioenergy. 18, 6, pp 441-527 Feik, C. Carpenter, D. y Gaston, K. (2008). Pilot-Scale evaluation of fluidizable reforming catalyst for biomass syngas cleanup, National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.Power-Gen Europe. Babu, B. y Sheth, P. (2006). Modeling and simulation of reduction zone of downdraft biomass gasifier: Effect of char reactivity factor. Energy Conversion and Management. 47, 15-16, pp 2602-2611 Baratieri, M. Baggio, P. y Fiori. (2008). Biomass as an energy source: Thermodynamic constraints on the performance of the conversion process. Bioresource Technology. 99, 15, pp 7063-7073 Changdong, S., Azevedo, J.L. (2007) Estimating the higher heating value of biomass fuels from basic analysis data. Biomass and Bioenergy, 28, pp 499- 507.