(570an) Heterogeneity of N- and O-Arylation Reactions Catalyzed by Cu(II) Exchanged Zeolite

Copper catalyzed aryl-heteroatom bond forming reactions are among the most common methods used in synthesizing numerous compounds in the biological, material, and pharmaceutical sciences. In this field, copper offers many potential advantages over palladium, as it is less toxic and inexpensive. Also, heterogeneous catalysts offer many advantages over homogeneous ones as they can be easily recovered and recycled, and because they offer lower processing costs with much less product purification needed. Among the numerous studies that found efficient copper catalysis systems, most of the studied reactions were thought to occur homogeneously, while a few others claimed heterogeneous catalysis.  In these cases, proof of heterogeneity was often not provided. 

This work focuses on detailed assessment of the homogeneity/heterogeneity, activity, and recyclability of copper modified Na-Y zeolite (prepared by ion-exchanging NaY zeolite with aqueous solution of copper (II) acetate) for N- and O-arylation reactions shown below.  The utility and heterogeneity of the catalyst in these reactions will be elucidated.   

N-arylation reaction:

O-arylation reaction: