(549g) Multi-Layer Microfluidic Device for Human Identification Using Capillary Gel Electrophoresis for DNA Separations and a Photonic Crystal for Detection

Two limitations of DNA analysis technology are addressed with the development of a microfluidic device with an integrated photonic crystal for fluorescent signal enhancement.  This device can improve DNA measurements by providing a portable platform and by decreasing the overall time it takes to complete an analysis.  Enhancement of the fluorescent signal decreases the concentration of DNA needed for reliable detection.  In addition, the time required for the amplification of target DNA sequences can be reduced. A two dimensional photonic crystal fabricated on silicon using electron beam lithography can be positioned at the end of a microfluidic separation channel designed for efficient DNA separations of short tandem repeats used for human identification. An advantage of this multi-layer device design is that the photonic crystal can be detached and then reapplied to the microfluidic device.  With this plug-and-play design, fluid can be controlled within the device without the crystal being present (e.g. flushing the device between runs), but added when needed for detection.  Therefore, maximizing the lifetime of the photonic crystal, but rendering the separation platform disposable. This technology provides a low-cost identification device capable of on-site DNA analysis.