(522b) Process Design and Operational Strategy of CO2 Terminal from Recieving to Storage

As
the carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies are advanced, CO₂
transport options have been paid much attention. An infrastructure for
transport including pipelines, ships, tanker truck, and railways will be
collectively required to establish a large scale CO₂ transport
network. Especially, ship transportation can play a central role in the early
phase of CCS infrastructure development as it offers flexible routes between
source and offshore storage sites. This work is focused on the design and
operational strategy of the CO₂ terminal which acts as a connecting
link between CO₂ liquefaction and the shipping section. Dynamic
simulation is performed in order to have a more realistic understanding of the
process. Four scenarios have been developed to define the operational strategy
of the terminal: loading case, holding case, unloading case, and emergency
shutdown. A reasonable equipment sizing has been done after consultation with
vendor's data and available literature. The heat influxes to storage tank include
the heat leak from the bottom surface, dry wall, and wet wall for the precise
quantification of heat flow across the system. Reasonable control loops are
appended to keep the process variables at their set points to allow the safe
operation of the CO₂ terminal within the operational limits.
Finally, a sensitivity analysis has been performed on some of the important
design variables in order to understand their effect on the process performance
and terminal operation. The results show that boil-off gas (BOG) generation
within the CO₂ terminal depends on storage tank size, operating
pressure, ambient conditions, insulation thickness, and the filling level of
the vessel.