(28g) Free Volume Enhanced Ion Transport in Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Application
AIChE Annual Meeting
2018
2018 AIChE Annual Meeting
Separations Division
Fuel Cell Membranes
Sunday, October 28, 2018 - 5:36pm to 5:57pm
Free volume enhanced ion transport in anion exchange membranes for fuel cell application
Kuibo Zhang, Baoqiang Zhang, Shoutao Gong and Fengxiang Zhang*
School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
2 Dagong Road, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China, 124221
Alkaline electrolyte membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) development has attracted tremendous attention in the past decades, but its development toward practical application is still hindered by the insufficient conductivity of alkaline electrolyte membrane (AEM). To address this issue, we here report a strategy that is different from the conventional protocols of high ion exchange capacity (IEC) and microphase separation. We first tuned backbone structure of the membrane materials to facilitate hydroxide ion transport, and found that the polysulfone AEM containing isopropylene groups at the backbone showed a higher conductivity than that without such a group although the two membranes have the same cation (imidazolium) and similar IEC values. Such a difference is due to the free volume imparted by the isopropylene groups, which are non-coplanar relative to their neighboring benzene rings and thus result in less compact chain packing.
Based on the above finding, we further designed and fabricated AEMs of bent-twisted non-coplanar block copolymer. The bent-twisted polymer backbone creates high free volume size so that hydroxide ion transport is facilitated. The free-volume effect can also facilitate microphase separation due to enhanced chain segment motion. With the free-volume holes working synergistically with microphase-separation enabled ion channels, the membrane showed a high conductivity (35 mS cm-1 at room temperature) at a relatively low ion exchange capacity (IEC, 1.25 meq g-1); it also exhibited a good dimension stability, the swelling ratio being 4.7 % at room temperature and kept virtually unchanged with temperature because of relatively low IEC. A H2/O2 fuel cell employing the fabricated AEM yielded a high power density (262 mW cm−2 at 50 oC). Our work opens up a new route to fabrication of highly conductive AEM with relatively low IEC.