(546d) High-Resolution Differential Phase-Contrast (DPC) X-Ray Imaging for Multiphase Fluid Flow in Three-Dimensional Porous Media
AIChE Annual Meeting
2018
2018 AIChE Annual Meeting
Fuels and Petrochemicals Division
Poster Session: Fuels and Petrochemicals Division
Wednesday, October 31, 2018 - 3:30pm to 5:00pm
Maha Yusuf1, George Herring2, Max Yuen2, Ching-Wei Chang2, Yao-Te Cheng2, Lambertus Hesselink2,3
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
3 Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
Abstract
X-ray imaging is a very valuable technique to investigate the inner structure of bulk samples. Some of the most important applications include medical diagnostics, security screening at airports, and materials science1. Traditional X-ray imaging uses the differences in X-ray attenuation in different parts of the sample to produce an âimage contrastâ. Therefore, the usefulness of conventional X-ray imaging is limited in materials with small density variations due to poor image contrast. To significantly improve the image contrast, phase-shift of X-rays can be recorded instead of attenuation2-3. At high energies, X-rays undergo phase shift that are orders of magnitude larger than the attenuation. Thus, detecting phase shifts can be much more sensitive than detecting attenuation. A number of methods have been investigated to detect the phase-shift of X-rays such as interferometric methods, propagation-based methods, and analyzer-based imaging4-5. However, most of these methods require a coherent X-ray beam/synchrotron radiation for imaging.
Here, we are working on a grating-based differential phase-contrast (DPC) X-ray imaging system that can be used to retrieve quantitative phase information with polychromatic X-ray sources in a laboratory-based setting6. DPC differs from traditional X-ray imaging since it provides three outputs (attenuation, phase contrast, dark-field) instead of one, and uniquely identifies unknown materials with improved image contrast based on the materialâs absorption, phase, and scattering coefficients. DPC X-ray imaging is a promising non-destructive technique that is particularly useful for the study of fluid interfaces (e.g. fluid flow in porous media) and interfacial aspects with increased image contrast, investigation of multi-phase fluid dynamics in 3-D porous rocks, analysis of real-time mechanisms, and direct pore-scale imaging. These will improve understanding of the fundamental processes in multi-phase fluid flow, thus contributing to enhanced oil recovery.
References:
- Sakdinawat, D. Attwood, âNano-scale X-ray imgaging,â Nature Photonics 4, 2010, 840-848.
- Bech, A. Tapfer, A. Velroyen, A. Yaroshenko, B. Pauwels, J. Hostens, P. Bruyndonckx, A. Sasov, F. Pfeiffer, âIn-vivo dark-field and phase-contrast X-ray imaging,â Scientific Reports 3, 2013, 3209.
- A. Nugent, T. E. Gureyev, D. F. Cookson, D. Paganin, Z. Barnea, âQuantitative Phase Imaging Using Hard X Rays,â Phys. Rev. Lett., 1996, 77, 2961.
- D. Auweter, J. Herzen, M. Willner, S. Grandl, K. Scherer, F. Bamberg, M.F. Reiser, F. Pfeiffer, K. Hellerhoff, âX-ray phase-contrast imaging of the breast â advances towards clinical implementation,â Br. J. Radiol, 2014.
- W. Wilkins, T.E. Gureyev, D. Gao, A. Pogany, A.W. Stevenson, âPhase-contrast imaging using polychromatic hard X-rays,â Nature 384, 1996, 335-37.
- Takashima, J. Kim, Y.T. Cheng, M. Yuen, J. Wilde, and L. Hesselink, âDesign of X-ray Differential Phase Contrast Imaging System for High Energy and Wide Spectrum Xray Applications,â in CLEO, 2014.
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2018 AIChE Annual Meeting
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AIChE Explorer Members | $150.00 |
Non-Members | $150.00 |