(721e) Effect of Heterogeneous Catalysts on Upgrading Quality of Bio-Crude Under Sub- and Super-Critical Water Conditions

Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) is one of the effective thermochemical conversion techniques in the production of liquid transportation fuels. Despite the popularity, the product from this process is not readily be used in combustion and yet needs to be subjected to further upgrading to improve its properties. Current work analyses the influence of various factors such as temperature, residence time and type of catalyst on the yields and quality of the product under sub- and super-critical water conditions. The biocrude oils produced from liquefaction of Kirchneriella sp. & Galdieria sp. were used in this study. The effect of different heterogeneous catalysts at different temperatures under the presence of hydrogen were conducted. Ultimate and proximate analysis was also performed for all the product fractions. The changes in the physical and chemical properties of the upgraded oil were evaluated using Total Acid Number (TAN) and higher heating value results.