(192e) Advanced Oxy-Combustor Concepts for Direct-Fired Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles

The supercritical CO2 (sCO₂₎ power cycle concept is identified as a potentially efficient, economical, and pollutant free power generation technique for future power generation. Recent work in the literature provides some strategies and best operating conditions for direct-fired sCO₂ combustors based on zero-dimensional reactor modeling analysis, however there is a need for a detailed investigation using accurate combustion chemical kinetics and thermophysical models. Here, the sCO₂ combustor is modelled by coupling perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) and plug flow reactor (PFR) models. The real gas effects are incorporated using the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) equation of state. Also, the detailed Aramco 2.0 kinetic mechanism is used for the combustion kinetic rates. It is found that the primary zone must be diluted either with thirty or forty-five percent of the total CO₂ in the cycle to have a feasible combustor design. However, the forty-five percent dilution level at 950 K and 1000 K yielded a better consumption of CO, O₂ and CH₄. Also, the cross-sectional area of the sCO₂ combustor can be scaled-down to 10 to 20 times smaller than a traditional combustor with the same power output. Further, from this investigation, it is also recommended to have a gradually increasing secondary dilution in the dilution zone, by using progressively larger diameter holes. This design would help retain relatively high temperature in the initial portion of the dilution zone and would help consume fuel species such as, CO and CH₄. It appears that, for sCO₂ combustors “lean burn” is the better strategy over stoichiometric burning to eliminate CO build up at the combustor exit. The lean burn condition at equivalence ratio, Ï•, =0.9 is recommended for sCO₂ combustor operation. Also, the length of the dilution zone can be scaled-down to 50% by lean burn operation of the combustor. It is also observed that the lean burn increases the net turbine power. Computational Fluid Dynamic simulations of the direct-fired systems identified using 0-D modeling will also be presented in the work. Current work provides crucial design considerations for the development of advanced sCO₂ combustors to be used with direct-fired power cycles.