(714f) High Concentration Ternary Saline Water Treatment Via Superhydrophobic and Fabricated Antifouling Membrane Via Vacuum Membrane Distillation
AIChE Annual Meeting
2019
2019 AIChE Annual Meeting
Separations Division
Water Treatment, Desalination, and Reuse II
Thursday, November 14, 2019 - 2:20pm to 2:42pm
High concentration ternary saline water treatment via superhydrophobic
and fabricated antifouling membrane via vacuum membrane distillation
technology for high salinity wastewater treatment1-3. One of the key issues in VMD research is
improving the antifouling performance of the hydrophobic porous membrane under
proper interface modification theory and approach4-6. In this work, the superhydrophobic polypropylene
(PP) composite membrane with modified surface were successfully fabricated by
loading SiO2 nanoparticles and attaching low surface energy 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane.
The model concerning the deposited nanoparticles size, surface contact angle
and roughness was constructed to predict the influence of interface geometric
parameters on membrane surface induced nucleation barrier. The Classical
heterogeneous nucleation theory was introduced to illuminate the improved performance of developed
membrane with targeted surface morphology on inhibiting the initial interfacial
nucleation process7 (Figure 1). The improved
superhydrophobic surface with water contact angle of 158. 5o enhanced
the anti-wetting ability of the membrane for VMD purpose as shown in Figure
2.
Figure 1. (A)
Simulation results of d*nuclear/d, surface
roughness r and heterogeneous nucleation energy
with various
particle size d and the same loading capacity (1 wt % particles). (B)Variables in membrane based nucleation
model defined by geometric method.
Figure 2. Membrane properties with different fabrication
conditions (different TEOS: Ethanol: NH3•H2O mole ratio).
(A) Water contact angle of the membrane surface. (B) SEM images of modified
membranes. (C) Membrane surface characterization results (mass fraction of
loading SiO2, average diameter of SiO2 particles of the
membrane surface). (D) Comparison of permeate flux of different membranes. The fabricated superhydrophobic PP membrane exhibited
unique anti-fouling and anti-wetting abilities, as well as extremely stable
permeating flux even under low feed rate and highly concentrated NaCl (15 wt%)/MgCl2
(from 3 to 9 wt%) saline solution system during long-term continuous and batch
operation in VMD (Figure 3 and Figure 4). The fouling rate of the
fabricated membrane was decreased to 20% of the one of the original membrane
under 15 wt% high salinity feed condition. In addition, it was also indicated
that sodium ion and magnesium ion with distinct features in the structure of water-ion
solution system had the potential impact on the permeate flux decline and
concentration polarization effect, which was helpful for the further assessing
and improving the stability and durability of this series modified membrane for
the harsh treatment solution system.
Figure 3. Permeate flux and conductivity of the original
PP membrane and the F/SiO2/PP-OH membrane in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution as
feed for (A)long-term continuous operation and (B) long-term batch operation
(each batch is 12 hours, the retention time is not shown in the figure).
Figure
4.
Effect of different concentrations on the flux of PP membrane and F/ SiO2 /
PP-OH membrane. (feed flow rate: 90 mL/min; ¡÷P: 0.096 MPa; feed solution temperature: 80 oC)
acknowledge the financial contribution from National Natural Science Foundation
of China (Grant No. 21527812, 21676043, 21606035), the Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities (DUT16TD19, DUT17ZD203) and MOST innovation
team in key area (No. 2016RA4053).
Karanikola, V.; Lin, S.; Straub, A. P.; Tong, T.; Warsinger, D. M.; Elimelech,
M., Membrane distillation at the water-energy nexus: limits, opportunities, and
challenges. Energy & Environmental Science 2018, 11
(5), 1177-1196. 2. Eykens,
L.; De Sitter, K.; Dotremont, C.; Pinoy, L.; Van der Bruggen, B., How To
Optimize the Membrane Properties for Membrane Distillation: A Review. Industrial
& Engineering Chemistry Research 2016, 55 (35),
9333-9343. 3. Wang,
Q.; Gao, X.; Zhang, Y.; He, Z.; Ji, Z.; Wang, X.; Gao, C., Hybrid RED/ED
system: Simultaneous osmotic energy recovery and desalination of high-salinity
wastewater. Desalination 2017, 405, 59-67. 4. Laqbaqbi,
M.; Sanmartino, J.; Khayet, M.; Garc¨ªa-Payo, C.; Chaouch, M., Fouling in Membrane
Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation. Applied
Sciences 2017, 7 (4). 5. Tijing,
L. D.; Woo, Y. C.; Choi, J.-S.; Lee, S.; Kim, S.-H.; Shon, H. K., Fouling and
its control in membrane distillation¡ªA review. Journal of Membrane Science 2015,
475, 215-244. 6. Warsinger,
D. M.; Swaminathan, J.; Guillen-Burrieza, E.; Arafat, H. A.; Lienhard V, J. H.,
Scaling and fouling in membrane distillation for desalination applications: A
review. Desalination 2015, 356, 294-313.
and fabricated antifouling membrane via vacuum membrane distillation
Yushan Shao, Yingqi Wang, Gaohong He , Xiaobin Jiang*
State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian
University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
E-mail: xbjiang@dlut.edu.cn
Abstract Vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) is a promisingtechnology for high salinity wastewater treatment1-3. One of the key issues in VMD research is
improving the antifouling performance of the hydrophobic porous membrane under
proper interface modification theory and approach4-6. In this work, the superhydrophobic polypropylene
(PP) composite membrane with modified surface were successfully fabricated by
loading SiO2 nanoparticles and attaching low surface energy 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane.
The model concerning the deposited nanoparticles size, surface contact angle
and roughness was constructed to predict the influence of interface geometric
parameters on membrane surface induced nucleation barrier. The Classical
heterogeneous nucleation theory was introduced to illuminate the improved performance of developed
membrane with targeted surface morphology on inhibiting the initial interfacial
nucleation process7 (Figure 1). The improved
superhydrophobic surface with water contact angle of 158. 5o enhanced
the anti-wetting ability of the membrane for VMD purpose as shown in Figure
2.
Figure 1. (A)Simulation results of d*nuclear/d, surface
roughness r and heterogeneous nucleation energy
with variousparticle size d and the same loading capacity (1 wt % particles). (B)Variables in membrane based nucleation
model defined by geometric method.
Figure 2. Membrane properties with different fabricationconditions (different TEOS: Ethanol: NH3•H2O mole ratio).
(A) Water contact angle of the membrane surface. (B) SEM images of modified
membranes. (C) Membrane surface characterization results (mass fraction of
loading SiO2, average diameter of SiO2 particles of the
membrane surface). (D) Comparison of permeate flux of different membranes. The fabricated superhydrophobic PP membrane exhibited
unique anti-fouling and anti-wetting abilities, as well as extremely stable
permeating flux even under low feed rate and highly concentrated NaCl (15 wt%)/MgCl2
(from 3 to 9 wt%) saline solution system during long-term continuous and batch
operation in VMD (Figure 3 and Figure 4). The fouling rate of the
fabricated membrane was decreased to 20% of the one of the original membrane
under 15 wt% high salinity feed condition. In addition, it was also indicated
that sodium ion and magnesium ion with distinct features in the structure of water-ion
solution system had the potential impact on the permeate flux decline and
concentration polarization effect, which was helpful for the further assessing
and improving the stability and durability of this series modified membrane for
the harsh treatment solution system.
Figure 3. Permeate flux and conductivity of the originalPP membrane and the F/SiO2/PP-OH membrane in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution as
feed for (A)long-term continuous operation and (B) long-term batch operation
(each batch is 12 hours, the retention time is not shown in the figure).
Figure4.
Effect of different concentrations on the flux of PP membrane and F/ SiO2 /
PP-OH membrane. (feed flow rate: 90 mL/min; ¡÷P: 0.096 MPa; feed solution temperature: 80 oC)
Acknowledgment
Weacknowledge the financial contribution from National Natural Science Foundation
of China (Grant No. 21527812, 21676043, 21606035), the Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities (DUT16TD19, DUT17ZD203) and MOST innovation
team in key area (No. 2016RA4053).
References
1. Deshmukh, A.; Boo, C.;Karanikola, V.; Lin, S.; Straub, A. P.; Tong, T.; Warsinger, D. M.; Elimelech,
M., Membrane distillation at the water-energy nexus: limits, opportunities, and
challenges. Energy & Environmental Science 2018, 11
(5), 1177-1196. 2. Eykens,
L.; De Sitter, K.; Dotremont, C.; Pinoy, L.; Van der Bruggen, B., How To
Optimize the Membrane Properties for Membrane Distillation: A Review. Industrial
& Engineering Chemistry Research 2016, 55 (35),
9333-9343. 3. Wang,
Q.; Gao, X.; Zhang, Y.; He, Z.; Ji, Z.; Wang, X.; Gao, C., Hybrid RED/ED
system: Simultaneous osmotic energy recovery and desalination of high-salinity
wastewater. Desalination 2017, 405, 59-67. 4. Laqbaqbi,
M.; Sanmartino, J.; Khayet, M.; Garc¨ªa-Payo, C.; Chaouch, M., Fouling in Membrane
Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation. Applied
Sciences 2017, 7 (4). 5. Tijing,
L. D.; Woo, Y. C.; Choi, J.-S.; Lee, S.; Kim, S.-H.; Shon, H. K., Fouling and
its control in membrane distillation¡ªA review. Journal of Membrane Science 2015,
475, 215-244. 6. Warsinger,
D. M.; Swaminathan, J.; Guillen-Burrieza, E.; Arafat, H. A.; Lienhard V, J. H.,
Scaling and fouling in membrane distillation for desalination applications: A
review. Desalination 2015, 356, 294-313.