(40a) Systems Analyses of Green Ammonia As a Sustainable Energy Carrier

Green ammonia, which refers to ammonia produced from hydrogen obtained from water electrolysis and nitrogen obtained from air separation using renewable energy, has received tremendous attention in recent years due to its potential to decarbonize agriculture. In addition, green ammonia is being considered a sustainable energy carrier with promising applications in the energy and transportation sectors. Assessing the techno-economic viability of such technologies requires systems-level analysis and optimization at various scales. In this talk, we apply systems engineering tools to explore three ideas of how green ammonia can be used as an energy carrier: (i) Harness the strong wind on the open ocean by producing green ammonia directly offshore and subsequently shipping it to shore, which avoids the use of expensive submarine power cables for electricity transmission over long distances. (ii) Use mobile ammonia gensets for electricity generation as a non-wires alternative to improve reliability in power distribution systems. (iii) Use green ammonia as an alternative marine fuel to decarbonize the global shipping industry.