(66a) 1-Butene Alkylation Reactions on Ptsoxzr/tizroy Catalyst

The apparent chemistry in solid acid alkylation of 1-butene with isobutane was studied at different temperatures and concentrations in a continuous slurry reactor (CSTR) at a total pressure of 1.2 MPa. Different operating variables were explored to obtain 230 experimental points. Samples of liquid and gas phases were taken at different contact times and analyzed by GC-MS techniques using a PONA-type column. A novel PtSOxZr/TiZrOy catalyst was used to study the reaction network in the presence of hydrogen that, for this process, is made up of thousands of carbenium ion elementary steps. The complexity of the corresponding reaction network was overcome using an apparent heterogeneous kinetic model to represent the alkylation, hydrogenation, and polimerization of 1-butene. The catalyst deactivation was determined by running the reactor at constant operating conditions for two days with the same batch of catalyst. The procedure was repeated at two different operating conditions. The catalyst was characterized before and after reaction. It was found that in presence of Pt, at low hydrogen partial pressure and low con¬cen¬tra¬tion of olefins, the mechanism of alkylation seems to be controlled primary by on-surface rate of reaction, following an order one respect to the hydrocarbons reactants, and secondarily by signifi-cantly adsorption of C10+. Noteworthy is the fact that this catalyst, with Pt incorporated, suffered 10 times lower deactivation in presence than in absence of hydrogen.