(13c) Human Factors Considerations in 3D Model Reviews

It is now a common practice to generate 3D models of processing units and facilities during the detailed design and engineering phase of a project. Formal 3D model reviews are conducted at various stages for optimization of resources and for safe construction, operation, and maintenance of the processing units and facilities. Many organizations have internal standards that are referenced with respect to the ergonomic aspects associated with design, construction or modification of processing units and facilities. Some organizations rely upon a “common sense” engineering approach relying upon the experience of the reviewers. However, some human factors considerations may not be reflected in the either the design standards that are utilized during 3D model reviews or identified through engineering experience alone. This paper discusses the human factors considerations such as operator capabilities, limitations, and the concept of cost of compliance that may be critical to the design of a processing unit or facility. We will provide a hierarchy of considerations and a flowchart for decision-making in 3D model reviews. Understanding and incorporating such factors during the 3D model reviews can help address some potential safety concerns in a proactive manner.