(99d) Integrated Performance Evaluation of High-Gravity Carbonation Process for Carbon Capture and Utilization: Exemplified By Petrochemical Industry in Taiwan

In this study, an integrated approach to establishing a waste-to-resource supply chain among different industries was developed for CO₂ capture, wastewater neutralization and product utilization via a high-gravity carbonation (HiGCarb) process, i.e., rotating packed bed (RPB). According to our previous experience, a high CO₂ capture efficiency (i.e., >98%) can be achieved by utilizing basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) and cold-rolling wastewater (CRW) via the HiGCarb process with a relatively short reaction time at ambient temperature and pressure. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the resource potential of alkaline solid wastes in Taiwan for CO₂ capture and utilization using the HiGCarb process in Taiwan, (2) to quantify the pollution emissions and environmental impacts of the HiGCarb process from the cradle-to-gate life-cycle, (3) to calculate the water, carbon, and land footprints of the HiGCarb process, and (4) to establish the techno-economic analysis (TEA) of the HiGCarb process at an industrial-plant scale. The alkaline wastes were found to be successfully carbonated with CO₂ in the HiGCarb process, where calcite (CaCO₃) was identified as the main product. Since the reacted product (e.g., carbonated solid wastes) can be used as supplementary cementitious materials, CO₂ emissions from the cement industry can be also avoided if a green waste-to-resource supply chain between the steelmaking and cement industries is established. It was concluded that an integrated approach to the proper treatment of alkaline wastes that permanently fixes CO₂ from the petrochemical industry while producing valuable supplementary cementitious materials for the cement industry can be achieved via the HiGCarb process.