(53x) Energy Loss Risk (ELOS R) in Supply Chain, MICRO & MACRO Process

The Operational and Dynamic Risk Management Group (GRODyn) is composed of a multidisciplinary team and investigate energy and accident risks doing diagnosis and audits for transformation of culture, behavior, task and technologies.

The interrelationships of organizations for service or product production and its commercialization characterize a supply chain however, the study of technical and economic viability requires new dimension, social micro-process, to achieve effectivity on implementation in an energy loss program.

The social micro-process (worker at the job and citizen at the city) that influences the flow of materials and energy is included in the supply chain. The raw material in the initial stage and the finished product is as important as the interrelationships between the social actors (workers and citizens) involved in the dynamics of the supply chain. We can say that the investigation of the job setting and citizen setting is extremely important to achieve a reduction in energy consumption.

The main supply chain activities involve production, transportation, operation, distribution, and services, on the other hand, support activities involve management structure, human resources management, production and information technologies, and supplier selection. The industrial location in the supply chain and the relations with the microprocesses can ensure economic, social and environmental gains, helping to achieve competitive advantages in the market. The multidisciplinary areas of administration, engineering, economics, psychology, sociology and finance must format clear indexes that show performance of individual parts (or groups) to understand the efficiency of the supply chain. The managers need to realise about these Energy KPIs and the principal functions in the given logistic process.

The supply chain is not only physical, where there are flows of materials and energy. There are micro and macroprocesses that require more humanization and understanding about worker & manager behavior during decision making.

For example, the actors in the OIL supply chain are divided into: (1) oil exploration and power generation; (2) pipeline transportation and facilities; (3) electricity distribution; (4) energy-intensive industry; (5) transportation logistics for the processing industry; (6) economic chains in the primary sector such as agriculture, transportation fuel, and in the secondary as petrochemical and chemical areas.

The big challenge is to analyze the microprocesses and transform them into indicators of energy consumption within the supply chain. That is, from the micro to the macroprocess. A conceptual model is presented and the allocation of indexes in an oil supply chain. We identified the assumed roles of fulfillment and management in the microprocesses.

The premise that drives the actions of workers, managers and citizens beyond government regulations have important functions that can help or hinder energy savings. The multidisciplinary analysis in the microprocess indicates the measure of performances. To better analyze the behavior, we separate the analysis into the microprocesses in the city and industry.

The investigation of routine in industry and cities can enable to connect organizations and respective supply chains in safety and energy targets and The Human Behavior Assessment (HBA) indicates correct interventions to achieve better human performance. We propose a tool to identify the behavior of the worker and citizen, and suggest corrective actions denominated of C4t. This tool aims to analyze the dynamic behavior and involves Communication, Cooperation, Commitment and Competence, understanding influence of stress and promoting the building of Leader Level 5. Qualitative and quantitative measurements are carried out through new methodologies that identify impacts of dynamic culture and climate change on society and industry. Educational Programs include learning from practices and new knowledge to treat human behavior in crisis. Features of ideal behavior include high commitment and adequate competency and attitudes. The competence building allows identifying cognitive gaps that cause process losses in micro and macroprocesses. The projection of current behavior in the microculture or organizational culture indicates diverse influences on society. The projection of future behavior allows implementation of preventive and corrective intervention. This project evidence the impacts of human behavior in the areas of energy-water and safety.

The cost-benefit ratio of an energy efficiency program requires estimative of the recovered energy and reduction of consumed energy after the program be implemented. Phenomenological study when include social behavior can avoid losses and deviations.

Human error promotes situations that affect indexes in the industry, generating anomalous situations such as plant shutdowns, reprocessing, rework that impact on safety and energy consumption. Microprocesses involve the use of energy in technologies and operations that transform inputs into products or the realization of services in the area of transportation, entertainment, education and others. Adequate behavior results in good practice which alters the indicators in a way that is favorable to energy saving. We will deal with two situations, the individual opportunities in carrying out tasks of workers and the managerial opportunities that construct a suitable environment for the team to carry out the task through correct decisions.

Workers have actions that require knowledge for unusual situations as well as commitment and discipline to situations of repetition in performing the task. On the other hand, workers are citizens who can accept the principles of energy saving in all phases of life, resulting in effective practices in the activities of the city through the correct use of technologies. One factor to be analyzed is what are the correct conduct codes inside company & society that lead to a culture more integrated to the current challenge of energy saving.

The methodology is applied on the dimensions of management, behavior, best practices in safety and energy, supply chain and intervention to change. The program provides tools for data collection, observation and intervention. From the definition of the industry that will act as the object of study, the work will start with the definition of the organizational context.

1^st Step: mapping of failures and losses from documents provided by the organization in order to meet the scale of the challenge. This mapping will generate statistical data that will direct efforts on the critical points of culture and behavior.

2^nd Step: The subjectivity of the human behavior can induce difficults of communication in the Organization. The second step investigates the speeches and actions. The speech of the operator and manager, in formal and informal channels, may reveal behavioral styles and degrees of commitment. The focus is understanding the energy-safety behavior and difficulties to measure commitment to the organizational targets.

3^rd Step: Observe the practices and construction of a theoretical model with respective heuristics. This model must involve the concepts of human factors analysis and behavior to construct a Just Culture in Energy & Safety. Some concerns are discussed: how change manager, employee and citizen behavior to achieve a Just Culture in Energy & Safety; what aspects of multiculturalism influence in human behavior considering sociotechnical system in industry and services; what are the actions for risk mitigation control on safety and energy. The conceptual model will generate a discussion on an applicable training to the organization.

After the proposed intervention and applicability of the results obtained, new data collection will be made for method validation to avoid loss of energy-accident and change the human behavior.

Different indicators are discussed in energy-accident decision: (a) microprocess (workstation including equipment and worker); (b) group of choiced microprocesses representing an average performance; (c) set of indicators in a organization to take strategic decision; (d) KPIs to compare organization with same characteristic in product-service and scale; (e) indicators that make possible the decision in local supply chain; and (f) indicators to decision in global supply chain, in this case the emission of Green House gases is estimated.

In this paper, we will analyze indicators hierarchically in the oil supply chain until the final products (plastic) and its reuse. Finally, the resulting global indicators can help us to direct actions to avoid greenhouse gases emissions. The focus of the standards is based on three specific points: use (qualitative aspect of energy, which also includes human behavior, among others); quantity (quantitative aspect of energy, involving the consumption and your reduction); and energy efficiency (technological aspect and linked to the balance between the energy resources spent and the results obtained in a given process). The method of research involves the study of the job setting and citizen setting which are considered microprocesses, involves the processes linked to the supply chain and impact mainly on safety and energy loss.

This work intends to prepare an algorithm that includes technology, operational, and social schemes to achieve better results in energy consumption and accidents indicating the correct direction to organizational resilience.

We understand obviously that sociotechnical and sociocultural problems are common among the different levels of learning in the supply chain. However, according to tradition and experience, the global universities have economic and human resources that leave them at the forefront of scientific research.