Drop Impact, Granule Formation, and Granule Morphology: A Comprehensive Look at Single Drop Granulation

Single drop granulation by a drop impacting onto a powder bed is of significant interest since it is the first step in any powder wetting process, including wet granulation. Particle parameters like particle size distribution and density; liquid parameters like viscosity and surface tension; powder-liquid properties like hydrophobicity and solubility; and operating parameters like bed porosity and drop height can all influence the formation mechanism and resulting granule morphology. Breakage and attrition behavior of dry granules is also important for further handling and processing, and we hypothesize that the morphology of granules, which is dependent upon the different formation mechanisms, will also influence the breakage behavior of granules.