Carbon Capture: The Scope of Carbon Capture Technologies in Indian Steel Industry

The steel industry is among the most energy-intensive industries of manufacturing sector emitting significant volumes of carbon dioxide (CO2). On average, 1.9 tonnes of CO2 are emitted for every tonne of steel produced [1] . According to the International Energy Agency, the iron and steel industry accounts for approximately 6.7% of total world CO2 emissions.[1] The industries sector accounted for 21.7 percent of the total GHG emissions or 412.55 million tons of CO2 eq in the year 2005. In the year 2007, iron & steel production resulted in 6.2 percent emissions (117.32 million tons).[2] India have committed 33-35 per cent cut in carbon emissions by 2030 in from 2005 level in the target submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention (UNFCCC) on Climate Change for a global climate pact.[3] The paper discusses various carbon capture storage (CCS) and carbon capture utilization (CCU) technologies are being developed and implemented in pilot plants / commercial plants in Europe and USA ,which may be implemented on commercial scale in Indian steel industries. The Indian steel sector, due to its scale of production and energy intensive nature, represents a sizeable opportunity to reduce CO₂ emissions. At 2018 energy and emission intensities, this production would entail 200 MTCO₂-eq as emissions

Keywords: iron and steel, production, energy intensity, CO2 emissions, CO2 mitigation, CCS & CCU