Currently, two vaccines have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for emergency use against COVID-19 — one developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and one by Moderna. Typically, vaccine approvals can take months to years, but the FDA has authorized the use of these two vaccines based on less data than normally required.
As the approved vaccines roll out to healthcare personnel, adults over 65, and several at-risk groups, three other prominent vaccine candidates are in progress of Phase 3 clinical trials. These candidates are being developed by AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax.
Based on clinical trials, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was 95% effective in preventing COVID-19 infection in individuals with no history of infection. In an ongoing study of over 37,000 people, half received a series of two doses of the Pfizer vaccine, three weeks apart, and half received two doses of a placebo. Of this entire...
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