Using Cell-Free Systems to Develop and Deploy Biosensors That Meet Army Needs

Cell-free protein expression systems are inherently useful for developing fieldable biosensors because of their ability to maintain cellular functions without the requirements of living organisms. Sensors are needed in the field to detect a multitude of different targets that allow for the recognition of target molecules and subsequent activation of reporter molecules. The Department of Defense has a strong interest in utilizing cell-free reactions to help alleviate logistical burdens associated with traditional methods of detection. Designing biosensors to have low size, weight, and power requirements often requires the adaptation of assays into a paper-based, eye-readable format that is simple enough to be used in the field. Furthermore, there has been a significant push in the government to have independent testing to help validate the applicability of designed assays. The variety of lysates and circuits for detection available require vigorous testing and characterization in order to determine their feasibility for use in deployable sensors.