Biotic Association of Osteopontin in Calcium Carbonate Polymer Formation to Alter the Dissolved CO2 Concentration of Ocean

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is one of the best CO2 absorbers. But formation of polymeric sheet of it is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction which needs a presence of catalyst or heat. But this can be possible by the single enzyme found in hen’s uterus which can stabilize the environmental imbalance.

The entire process of eggshell formation during the development of the chick embryo is catalyzed by various enzymes, out of which the enzyme ‘osteopontin’ is the most important. It is an effort to isolate the specific SPP1 gene from the hen’s uterus. This enzyme will help in the polymerization of the CaCO3 subunits during the eggshell formation. Bioinformatic analysis and identification of this gene can be obtained from researches already done in this field and the hen genome database.This SPP1 gene has to be expressed in the mammalian cells or yeast for its expression as the protein is in the glycosylated nature, either by plasmid incorporation or integration into the host genome. The recombinant protein (enzyme) has to place under strong promoters along with the enhancer sequence at the 5’ UTR (Untranslated region) of the promoter so that its expression is enhanced manifold and huge amount of recombinant protein will be obtained. The overexpressed protein should then be isolated by using various biophysical techniques. Establishing this protein in the cost effective manner in the larger amount on the industrial scale will aid to form the polymer sheets in the semisolid form by inhibiting the catalysis of reaction. However, using of such sheets on the ocean which are the large reservoir of dissolved CO2 will undergo this reaction and lead to the formation of Calcium Bicarbonate and settle down in the ocean.