Biomaterial mechanics, stem cells and regeneration

Physical cues can control stem cell behavior, but this has not been widely exploited to date in regeneration. We have now found that stem cell fate and ability to promote regeneration is highly regulated by both matrix stiffness and stress relaxation. In parallel, materials that provide mechanical stimulation, on-demand, directly to damaged tissue have been found to promote skeletal muscle regeneration even after severe injury. The ability of biomaterials, via their intrinsic mechanical properties and mechanical stimulation of injured tissues, to promote regeneration suggests new paradigms for regenerative medicine.