Programmable On-Chip DNA Compartments as 'Artificial Cells'

The assembly of artificial cells capable of executing DNA programs has been an important goal for basic research and technology. We assemble 2D DNA compartments fabricated in silicon as â??artificial cellsâ?? capable of metabolism, programmable protein synthesis, and communication. We programmed gene expression cycles in separate compartments, as well as protein synthesis fronts propagating in a coupled 1D system of compartments. Gene expression in the DNA compartments reveals a rich, dynamic system that is controlled by geometry. The organization of matter in the compartment suggested conditions for controlled assembly of biological machines. This puts forth a man-made biological system with programmable information processing from the gene to a â??cellâ??, and up to the â??multicellularâ?? scale.

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