Time to consequence (TTC) is the time between initiation of the safety system by a failure and the moment the hazardous consequence occurs. Dynamic simulations can help to determine TTC and ensure safety systems are adequate.
Dynamic simulations have become indispensable for process design and validation, control system verification, startup support, and troubleshooting. Recent developments in simulation software and technology have enabled their use for developing large-scale dynamic models that can be used throughout a project’s life.
Time-to-consequence (TTC) calculations are one area where these models can be used to ensure the suitability of safety systems for a process. TTC is important because it determines the maximum amount of time the safety system has to respond, including sensing the out-of-control condition and actuating the control devices, as well as other tasks.
This article describes how to use dynamic simulations to calculate TTC (sometimes referred to as process safety time, PST). Case studies from a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant illustrate the concepts.
Would you like to access the complete CEP Article?
No problem. You just have to complete the following steps.
You have completed 0 of 2 steps.
-
Log in
You must be logged in to view this content. Log in now.
-
AIChE Membership
You must be an AIChE member to view this article. Join now.
Copyright Permissions
Would you like to reuse content from CEP Magazine? It’s easy to request permission to reuse content. Simply click here to connect instantly to licensing services, where you can choose from a list of options regarding how you would like to reuse the desired content and complete the transaction.