Models that predict explosion characteristics based on the volumetric portion of the flammable cloud involved in the explosion (that portion of the flammable cloud that is influenced by congested and/or confined volumes in a plant).
Nonconductive liquid having a kinematic viscosity above 30-100 cS and a very slow rate of charge dissipation, equivalent to a conductivity of about 0.02 pS/m and a relaxation time of about 1000 s.
Emergency flow of vessel contents out of a vessel. The pressure is controlled or reduced by venting, thus avoiding a failure of the vessel by overpressurization. The emergency flow can be one-phase or multi-phase, each of which results in different flow characteristics.
The hardware and software suppliers of a computerized system. There may be multiple vendors for a computerized system. The vendor may or may not be a manufacture of the computerized system. For example, the vendor may be a systems house who simply integrates subsystems or components manufactured by...
The pressure exerted by a vapor above its own liquid. The higher the vapor pressure, the easier it is for a liquid to evaporate and fill the work area with vapors which can cause health or fire hazards.
The weight of a vapor or gas compared to the weight of an equal volume of air; an expression of the density of the vapor or gas. Materials lighter than air have vapor densities less than 1.0 (example: acetylene, methane, hydrogen). Materials heavier than air (examples: propane, hydrogen sulfide,...
