September 2024 | AIChE

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September 2024

Sachs' Scaling

Dimensionless terms for TNT equivalence explosion modeling.

Run-up Distance or Run-up Length

The distance in the direction of flame propagation from the point of ignition to any point in a pipe system. Deflagration flames accelerate over this distance due to turbulence and pre-compression effects. Depending on pipe diameter, surface roughness, and the presence of turbulence-producing...

Runaway Reactions

A thermally unstable reaction system which exhibits an uncontrolled accelerating rate of reaction leading to rapid increases in temperature and pressure.

Round Robin

A process involving an exchange of samples intended to transfer analytical capabilities from the client to the toller to support the toll project.

Root Causes

A fundamental, underlying, system-related reason why an incident occurred that identifies a correctable failure(s) in management systems. There is typically more than one root cause for every process safety incident.

Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

A formal investigation method that attempts to identify and address the management system failures that led to an incident. These root causes often are the causes, or potential causes, of other seemingly unrelated incidents. Identifies the underlying reasons the event was allowed to occur so that...

Roll Over

The spontaneous and sudden movement of a large mass of liquid from the bottom to the top surface of a refrigerated storage reservoir due to the instability caused by an adverse density gradient. Rollover can cause a sudden pressure increase and can affect vessel integrity.(API 2510)

Risk-Based Inspection (RBI)

A systematic approach for identifying credible failure mechanisms and using equipment failure consequences and likelihood to determine inspection strategies for equipment.

Risk Tolerance Criteria

A predetermined measure of risk used to aid decisions about whether further efforts to reduce the risk are warranted.

Risk Tolerance

The maximum level of risk of a particular technical process or activity that an individual or organization accepts to acquire the benefits of the process or activity.

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