September 2024 | AIChE

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September 2024

Car Seal

A metal or plastic cable used to fix a valve in the open position (car seal open) or closed position (car seal closed). Proper authorization, controlled via administrative procedures, must be obtained before operating the valve. The physical seal should have suitable mechanical strength to prevent...

Capability Assessment

A systematic review of a system's ability to perform to meet system requirements under abnormal and perturbed dynamic conditions.

Calculated Adiabatic Reaction Temperature (CART)

See Flame Temperature

C or Ceiling

The letter "C" or the word "ceiling" on the TLV or PEL shows the highest airborne concentration of a specific chemical that is allowed in the workplace. This concentration should never be exceeded, even for short periods of time. See also, "PEL" and "TLV". Importance: Chemicals that react rapidly...

By Exception

A form of documentation where only information that fits a certain definition is documented and not all of the information that was generated by the activity. For example, in a HIRA, this most commonly happens when only those hazard scenarios that resulted in a recommendation(s) are documented and...

Burning Velocity

Burning velocity is the speed at which a flame front propagates relative to the unburned gas. This differs from flame speed. The laminar burning velocity (SL) is the speed at which a laminar (planar) combustion wave propagates relative to the unburned gas mixture ahead of it. The fundamental...

Burnback Resistance

The ability of a flame arrester to maintain its mechanical integrity and prevent flame breakthrough when the flame arrester is subjected to a standing flame. See also Endurance Burn(ing).

Buoyant Cloud

The in-cloud density is less than the ambient density, due to the emissions of hot gases or materials with low molecular weight. Buoyant cloud and light cloud are synonymous.

Bulking Brush Discharge

A partial surface discharge created during bulking of powder in containers, appearing as a luminous, branched channel flashing radially from the wall toward the center of the container. Its maximum effective energy with respect to dust ignition is believed to be 10 - 20 mJ (less than the MIE of...

Building Siting Evaluation

The procedures used to evaluate the hazards and establish the design criteria for new buildings and the suitability of existing buildings at their specific locations.

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