September 2024 | AIChE

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September 2024

Building Downwash Models

Models used for estimating the flow and dispersion in and near the recirculating cavity behind buildings, where plumes may downwash to the ground.

Building

A rigid, enclosed structure.

Brownfield

An industrial or commercial property that is abandoned or underused and being considered as a potential site for redevelopment.

Branch point

A node with two paths in an event tree or cause-consequence diagram. One path represents success of a safeguard and the other path represents failure of the safeguard.

Bow Tie Model

A risk diagram showing how various threats can lead to a loss of control of a hazard and allow this unsafe condition to develop into a number of undesired consequences. The diagram can also show all the barriers and degradation controls deployed.

Bonding

The process of connecting two or more conductive objects together by means of a conductor so that they are at the same potential as each other but not necessarily at the same potential as the earth. 261

Boil-over

A violent expulsion of contents caused by a heat wave from the surface burning at the top of the tank reaching the water stratum at the bottom of the tank. Oils subject to boilover contain components having a wide range of boiling points, including both light ends and viscous residues. These...

Boiling-Liquid-Expanding-Vapor Explosion (BLEVE)

A type of rapid phase transition in which a liquid contained above its atmospheric boiling point is rapidly depressurized, causing a nearly instantaneous transition from liquid to vapor with a corresponding energy release. A BLEVE of flammable material is often accompanied by a large aerosol...

Blowdown Drum

Separators or accumulators used to separate liquids and vapors in pressure-relieving and emergency systems.

Block Flow Diagram

A simplified drawing representing a process. It typically shows major equipment and piping and can include major valves.

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